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Coverdale Bible 1535

   

2:1Whan a soule wyll offre a meatofferynge vnto the LORDE, then shal it be of fyne floure, and he shal poure oyle vpon it, and put frankencense theron,
2:2& so brynge it vnto Aarons sonnes the prestes. Then shal one of them take his handefull of the same floure, and oyle with all the frankecense, and burne it for a remembraunce vpon the altare. This is an offeringe of a swete sauoure vnto the LORDE.
2:3As for ye remnaunt of the meatofferynge, it shalbe Aarons and his sonnes. This shalbe ye most holy of the offerynges of the LORDE.
2:4But yf he wyll brynge a meatofferynge of that which is baken in the ouen, then let him take swete cakes of wheate, mixte with oyle, and vnleuended wafers anoynted with oyle.
2:5Neuertheles yf thy meatofferynge be enythinge of that which is fryed in the panne, then shal it be of fyne swete floure myxte with oyle:
2:6And thou shalt cut it in peces, & poure oyle theron: so is it a meatofferynge.
2:7But yf thy meatofferinge be ought broyled on the gredyron, then shalt thou make it of fyne floure with oyle.
2:8And the meatofferynge that thou wilt make of soch thinges for the LORDE, shalt thou brynge vnto ye prest, which shal brynge it vnto the altare,
2:9& shal Heue vp the same meatofferynge for a remebraunce, and burne it vpon the altare. This is an offerynge of a swete sauoure vnto the LORDE.
2:10As for the remnaunt, it shal be Aarons and his sonnes. This shall be the most holy of the offerynges of the LORDE.
2:11All the meatofferynges that ye wil offre vnto the LORDE, shal ye make without leue. For there shal no leue nor hony be burnt for an offerynge vnto the LORDE.
2:12But for the offerynge of the firstlinges shal ye offer the vnto the LORDE. Neuertheles they shal come vpon no altare for a swete sauoure.
2:13All thy meatofferynges shalt thou salt. And thy meatofferynge shal neuer be without ye salt of the couenaunt of thy God: for in all thy offerynges shalt thou offre salt.
2:14But yf thou wilt offre a meatofferynge of the first frutes vnto ye LORDE, then shalt thou drye that which is grene, by the fyre, & beate it small, and so offre the meatofferynge of thy first frutes.
2:15And thou shalt put oyle vpon it, and laye frankecense theron, so is it a meatofferynge.
2:16And then shall the prest beate it, and burne of the oyle with all the frankecense for a remembraunce. This is an offerynge vnto the LORDE.
Coverdale Bible 1535

Coverdale Bible 1535

The Coverdale Bible, compiled by Myles Coverdale and published in 1535, was the first complete English translation of the Bible to contain both the Old and New Testament and translated from the original Hebrew and Greek. The later editions (folio and quarto) published in 1539 were the first complete Bibles printed in England. The 1539 folio edition carried the royal license and was, therefore, the first officially approved Bible translation in English.

Tyndale never had the satisfaction of completing his English Bible; but during his imprisonment, he may have learned that a complete translation, based largely upon his own, had actually been produced. The credit for this achievement, the first complete printed English Bible, is due to Miles Coverdale (1488-1569), afterward bishop of Exeter (1551-1553).

The details of its production are obscure. Coverdale met Tyndale in Hamburg, Germany in 1529, and is said to have assisted him in the translation of the Pentateuch. His own work was done under the patronage of Oliver Cromwell, who was anxious for the publication of an English Bible; and it was no doubt forwarded by the action of Convocation, which, under Archbishop Cranmer's leading, had petitioned in 1534 for the undertaking of such a work.

Coverdale's Bible was probably printed by Froschover in Zurich, Switzerland and was published at the end of 1535, with a dedication to Henry VIII. By this time, the conditions were more favorable to a Protestant Bible than they had been in 1525. Henry had finally broken with the Pope and had committed himself to the principle of an English Bible. Coverdale's work was accordingly tolerated by authority, and when the second edition of it appeared in 1537 (printed by an English printer, Nycolson of Southwark), it bore on its title-page the words, "Set forth with the King's most gracious license." In licensing Coverdale's translation, King Henry probably did not know how far he was sanctioning the work of Tyndale, which he had previously condemned.

In the New Testament, in particular, Tyndale's version is the basis of Coverdale's, and to a somewhat less extent this is also the case in the Pentateuch and Jonah; but Coverdale revised the work of his predecessor with the help of the Zurich German Bible of Zwingli and others (1524-1529), a Latin version by Pagninus, the Vulgate, and Luther. In his preface, he explicitly disclaims originality as a translator, and there is no sign that he made any noticeable use of the Greek and Hebrew; but he used the available Latin, German, and English versions with judgment. In the parts of the Old Testament which Tyndale had not published he appears to have translated mainly from the Zurich Bible. [Coverdale's Bible of 1535 was reprinted by Bagster, 1838.]

In one respect Coverdale's Bible was groundbreaking, namely, in the arrangement of the books of the. It is to Tyndale's example, no doubt, that the action of Coverdale is due. His Bible is divided into six parts -- (1) Pentateuch; (2) Joshua -- Esther; (3) Job -- "Solomon's Balettes" (i.e. Canticles); (4) Prophets; (5) "Apocrypha, the books and treatises which among the fathers of old are not reckoned to be of like authority with the other books of the Bible, neither are they found in the canon of the Hebrew"; (6) the New Testament. This represents the view generally taken by the Reformers, both in Germany and in England, and so far as concerns the English Bible, Coverdale's example was decisive.